Session Contrastive Phonetics:Contrastive Phonetics and Phonology
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| Contrastive Phonetics-1 |
Tonal phonetic analogy
Alan C. L. Yu, Phonology Laboratory, University of Chicago Paper File |
| Paradigmatic uniformity effects are commonplace in linguistic change. Recent work has extended this idea to the synchronic domain. At issue here is whether paradigm uniformity holds at the phonetic level. This study offers experimental evidence for phonetic analogy from Cantonese, demonstrating that the phonetic realization of a derived tone may vary in the direction of its paradigmatic neighbor. | |
| Contrastive Phonetics-2 |
LARYNGOSCOPIC (ARTICULATORY) AND ACOUSTIC EVIDENCE OF A PREVAILING EMPHATIC FEATURE OVER THE WORD IN ARABIC
Zeki Majeed Hassan, University of Göteborg John H. Esling, University of Victoria Paper File Additional Files |
| The secondary place of articulation for Arabic ‘emphatic’ consonants varies across dialects. This study examines two speakers of Iraqi Arabic, using acoustic evidence, and one speaker of Iraqi Arabic, using direct visual laryngoscopic (articulatory) evidence, to determine the phonetic nature of the secondary feature and the prosodic effect of an emphatic consonant over multisyllabic words. The acoustic and laryngoscopic evidence indicates that the prevailing nature of emphatics in Iraqi Arabic is pharyngealization. Furthermore, the effect of an emphatic spreads to all syllables, forwards or backwards, regardless of its position in the word, although the effect is modified or blocked in certain phonotactic conditions. | |
| Contrastive Phonetics-3 |
Phonetic vs. Phonological Lengthening in Affricates
Anne Pycha, University of California, Berkeley Paper File |
| Affricate consonants consist of two portions: stop closure and frication. Can these portions play different roles in phonetic and phonological processes? In this study, I address the question by probing the behavior of Hungarian affricates under lengthening. I measure the duration changes that affricates undergo in two types of lengthening processes: first, a phonetic process of final lengthening and second, a phonological process of gemination. I show that these two processes alter the internal structure of affricates in very different ways. The results suggest that the difference between phonetic and phonological processes is in fact deeper than a mere difference between “gradient” and “categorical” effects. | |
| Contrastive Phonetics-4 |
The /r/-Realisation in Swiss German and Austrian German
Christiane Ulbrich, University of Ulster School of Communication Horst Ulbrich, no affiliation Paper File Additional Files |
| Rhotics are generally believed to be phonetically heterogeneous. They are usually classified as rhotics due to their similar phonological behaviour and their diachronic and synchronic alternation. There are generalizations regarding phonotactic properties, synchronic and diachronic alternations. The realisation of /r/ produced by German speakers has previously been analysed in comprehensive corpora and /r/ was found to have undergone dramatic changes. The paper addresses two issues regarding the /r/-realisation using cross-varietal data from two standard varieties of German spoken in Switzerland and Austria. The process of /r/ vocalisation is independent of regional variation and spreads from the north to the south in the German speaking countries in central Europe. The second issue addressed is the allophonic alternation between trills and taps and their interaction with prosodic structure. | |
| Contrastive Phonetics-5 |
Incomplete Neutralization in Eastern Andalusian Spanish: Perceptual Consequences of Durational Differences Involved in S-Aspiration
Jason Bishop, University of Leipzig Paper File |
| The present paper describes an experiment designed to assess the perceptual consequences of two attested phonetic differences, both durational in nature, said to represent incomplete neutralization in Eastern Andalusian Spanish cases of s-aspiration: aspiration duration and the phonetic length of a following consonant. For word-medial cases of s-aspiration, it is found that the length of a stop consonant following aspiration, but not the length of aspiration itself, can serve as a strong, disambiguating cue to listeners in making phonemic decisions as to an underlying coda. These results compliment evidence from production that s-aspiration represents incomplete neutralization in this variety of Spanish and, further, that incomplete neutralization is a phenomenon which can and should be studied beyond the cases of final devoicing to which most previous investigation has been limited. | |